The U.S. Senate has approved a funding bill that could potentially conclude the longest government shutdown in U.S. history, which has lasted for 41 days. The legislation passed with a vote of 60-40, garnering support from nearly all Republicans and eight Democrats, along with an Independent senator. This agreement will fund most federal agencies until the end of January 2026.

The bill includes a provision that permits senators to sue for damages up to $500,000 if federal investigators access their phone records without prior notification. This measure specifically impacts eight Republican senators whose records were subpoenaed during the investigation led by former special counsel Jack Smith regarding the January 6, 2021, Capitol riot. Critics, including Senator Ron Wyden (Democrat, Oregon), have raised concerns that this provision represents an inappropriate use of taxpayer funds to benefit certain lawmakers involved in efforts to undermine the government.

The funding package also includes a 'minibus' of three full-year appropriations bills, ensuring full funding for the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) through the end of September next year. However, the deal does not extend expiring subsidies under the Affordable Care Act (ACA), a significant concession for Democrats, despite the potential impact on over 20 million Americans who may face increased premiums next year. Senate Minority Leader Chuck Schumer (Democrat, New York) criticized the bill for failing to address the health care crisis, stating that Democrats had sought a solution but faced Republican resistance.

Senator Jeanne Shaheen (Democrat, New Hampshire) emphasized that this was the only viable option to reopen the government and initiate negotiations on extending the tax credits essential for many families. The revised continuing resolution includes provisions to reverse the previous administration's decision to fire furloughed federal workers, ensuring they receive back pay and protections during future shutdowns.

House Speaker Mike Johnson (Republican, Louisiana) has indicated a swift response to the Senate's actions, planning to bring the House back into session immediately following the Senate's passage of the legislation. He anticipates a vote in the House by midweek, although procedural hurdles may arise due to opposition from House Democratic leaders.

The ongoing political maneuvering reflects broader tensions regarding healthcare policy and the implications of government funding decisions on vulnerable populations. Additionally, the U.S. Supreme Court is expected to rule on the resumption of full SNAP payments, which assist approximately 42 million Americans in purchasing food, amid ongoing legal and political battles that underscore the critical role of government support in ensuring food security.