On January 11, 2026, President Donald Trump warned the Cuban government that it would receive 'zero' oil or financial assistance from Venezuela, urging Cuban leaders to negotiate a deal with the United States. This ultimatum follows the recent capture of Venezuelan President Nicolás Maduro on January 3, 2026, which has disrupted the flow of oil that Cuba has historically relied upon.

Cuba has depended on Venezuela for approximately 26,500 to 35,000 barrels of oil per day, which has accounted for about half of its oil needs. The cessation of this supply is particularly concerning given Cuba's ongoing economic difficulties, characterized by chronic shortages of food and fuel, deteriorating infrastructure, and a significant demographic decline, with the population reportedly falling below 8 million due to mass emigration.

In response to Trump's statements, Cuban President Miguel Díaz-Canel emphasized Cuba's sovereignty, asserting that the nation will not be coerced into negotiations. He criticized the U.S. for its historical aggression towards Cuba, stating, "Cuba is a free, independent, and sovereign nation. Nobody dictates what we do." Cuban Foreign Minister Bruno Rodríguez also condemned U.S. actions as coercive and hegemonic, highlighting the humanitarian implications of the U.S. strategy.

Trump's comments reflect a hardline approach that contrasts with previous engagement strategies under former President Joe Biden. The U.S. has intensified sanctions and seized Venezuelan oil shipments, exacerbating the fuel and electricity crisis in Cuba. Cuban officials have countered Trump's claims regarding the nature of their relationship with Venezuela, asserting that Cuba has never received compensation for security services provided to the Venezuelan government.

The U.S. government's actions towards Cuba are part of a long-standing policy of trade sanctions and embargoes that date back to the 1950s, following Fidel Castro's revolution. Trump's administration has reinstated Cuba's designation as a state sponsor of terrorism and has taken a critical stance towards the Cuban government, suggesting that its economic system is on the verge of collapse due to the loss of Venezuelan support.

As Cuba faces these challenges, the implications for its population are dire, with increasing hardships leading to a growing sense of disillusionment and calls for change among its citizens. The situation underscores the complex interplay of U.S. foreign policy and its humanitarian impacts on the Cuban populace.