On November 7, 2025, U.S. District Court Judge Karin J. Immergut ruled that the Trump administration exceeded its authority by attempting to deploy federalized National Guard troops to Portland, Oregon, in response to ongoing protests against immigration policies. This decision followed a lawsuit filed by the state of Oregon and the city of Portland, which argued that the deployment was unnecessary and violated legal statutes.

Judge Immergut, who was appointed by Trump, made permanent a previous temporary order blocking the deployment. She stated that the administration failed to provide credible evidence that the protests near the Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) facility constituted a rebellion or posed a danger that would justify military intervention under Title 10 of the U.S. Code. The judge noted that the protests, which peaked in June 2025, were largely peaceful, with any violence being isolated and of low intensity.

The Trump administration had federalized 200 Oregon National Guard troops, describing Portland as 'war ravaged.' However, Oregon Attorney General Dan Rayfield characterized the ruling as a significant victory for the state, emphasizing the importance of accountability and adherence to the rule of law. Portland Mayor Keith Wilson echoed this sentiment, asserting that the presence of federal troops was unwarranted and reaffirming the city's commitment to protecting civil rights and public safety.

In contrast, White House spokesperson Abigail Jackson indicated that the administration plans to appeal the ruling, maintaining that the deployment was necessary to address what she described as violent riots and lawlessness in the city. Department of Homeland Security Assistant Secretary Tricia McLaughlin supported this view, asserting that the actions taken were lawful and aimed at safeguarding federal personnel and assets.

Governor Tina Kotek criticized the federal intervention as an abuse of power, reiterating that the state does not require military presence to maintain order. During the trial, evidence was presented showing that federal agents had exacerbated tensions at the ICE facility, undermining the justification for military involvement.

Judge Immergut's ruling also highlighted the violation of Oregon's sovereignty under the 10th Amendment, indicating that the Trump administration's actions caused irreparable harm to the state. Legal experts suggest that the administration's chances of success in an appeal may be diminished due to the findings presented in this ruling, which underscores the need for legal actions to be guided by factual evidence rather than political motivations.